The fume hood is safety equipment in the laboratory with a special design that will reduce exposure to harmful gasses, dust, and toxic vapors. The Fume hood is basically an aerodynamic cleaning, the device that has a large cupboard at the bottom that functions as a place or table.  

The Working Principle of the Fume Hood: 

The working principle of a Laboratory Fume Hood revolves around effective containment, ventilation, and user safety.

 

• Enclosure:

  • Fume hoods are typically enclosed structures with a transparent front sash or door, allowing users to observe and access the workspace.

  • The enclosure is designed to capture and contain harmful substances, preventing their escape into the surrounding environment.

• Air Flow: Main working of the Air Flow is suck air from the front door and then the blower is released into the filter. 

  • The ventilation system of the fume hood is an important feature. A strong fan is often used to generate a controlled airflow within the hood.

  • The airflow is directed from the work area, where contaminants are released, towards the exhaust system, successfully catching and eliminating harmful compounds.

• Sash or Door:

  • The fume hood’s front entrance, known as the sash or door, is critical for user contact and safety.

  • Users can manage the airflow and maintain the proper level of containment by adjusting the sash height. Effective containment and excellent performance are ensured by proper sash location.

• Exhaust System:

  • The impurities are collected and sent through an exhaust duct or system that leads outside the building or to a designated ventilation system.

  • This guarantees that dangerous fumes are securely evacuated, preventing their accumulation in the laboratory or workspace.

• Face Velocity:

  • The speed at which air travels across the front opening of the fume hood is referred to as face velocity. It is an important parameter for ensuring containment.

  • Face velocity is important because it guarantees that impurities are sucked into the hood and away from the user.

Material used in Fume Hood

The materials used in constructing fume hoods must meet specific requirements to ensure their effectiveness in providing a safe working environment. Here’s a description of the requirements you mentioned:

 

Have the following requirements: 

• Resistance to organic chemicals:Fume hoods must be made of materials that are resistant to organic compounds. The inner surfaces of fume hoods are typically made of materials such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, and epoxy-coated steel. These materials were chosen for their non-reactivity with organic compounds, guaranteeing that the fume hood can endure exposure to a wide spectrum of organic chemicals without deterioration.

 

• Resistance to chemicals that are corrosive(acids and bases): Fume hoods must be resistant to corrosive compounds such as acids and bases. The inner surfaces of the fume hood are frequently covered with chemical-resistant materials such as epoxy or fiberglass-reinforced polyester. Furthermore, the sashes and frames may be composed of materials such as stainless steel, which is noted for its corrosion resistance. This ensures that the fume hood remains structurally sound and maintains its containment properties when exposed to corrosive substances.

 

• Resistance to an explosion: 

Design and Construction: While fume hoods are not meant to directly resist explosions, they are often built with safety precautions to reduce the risk of explosions within the hood. To prevent sparks that could ignite volatile substances, the hood’s design may include explosion-resistant motors and electrical components. 

Proper Ventilation: Adequate ventilation is essential for preventing the accumulation of explosive or combustible vapors within the lab fume hood. The hood should be linked to an exhaust system that efficiently and safely eliminates and disperses any potentially harmful pollutants.

Static-Resistant Surfaces: The surfaces inside the large fume hood may be designed to reduce static electricity buildup, which could be dangerous in explosive atmospheres.

Part of the Fume Hood: 

1. Sash is a sliding door that is a safety guard, usually made of glass acrylic. 

2. Lighting Equipment (position inside the fume hood), a fluorescent lamp for lighting.

3. Top Table Pedestal/Work Table, made of phenolic resin that is resistant to chemicals.

4. Sink where the device washes after the trial to keep it clean.    

5. Faucet, water tap for  washing and rinsing tools.

6. Base Cabinet/Storage Cabinet, Chemicals storage cabinets.

7. Button Operating Switches, consisting of the ON-OFF Button, stop contact power lamp, lamp power.

8. Side Wall, a side wall that is resistant to steam and chemical spills 

9. Air Flow Velocity, to regulate air flow velocity.

10. Baffles, Baffles regulate the flow of air so that it can be sucked effectively by the blower.

11. Ducting a pipe for air output.

12. Blower, a tool that has the function of sucking air and throwing it out.

 

How to use a fume hood?

Turn on the lights, turn on the blower switch, raise the sliding window as you wish. If the blower is already, then start your work carefully. If at the work is waiting while the reaction process is still running, then do it by lowering the sliding window with an opening of about 10 cm from the lip on the table after your is done, then clean the fume hood table with a dry cloth, then rinse with a wet cloth, then wipe again until dry. Turn OFF the light switch, Closed the sliding window.

Turn OFF the blower switch. 

Attention! Don’t leave the sliding window tightly closed, when the blower is on, a vacuum will appear in the fume hood. 

 

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